The Royal Proclamation act essays

The Royal Proclamation act essays The Royal Proclamation Act of 1763 was issued by the British government in the name of King George III to prohibit settlement by British colonists beyond the Appalachian Mountains in the lands captured by Britain from France in the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War and to end exploitative purchases of aboriginal land. It established requirements that had to be met before aboriginal land could be purchased, including one that the purchase must be approved by a meeting of all members of the people selling the land. The motivation for the proclamation was a desire to avoid the expense of further wars with Native Peoples. The proclamation was largely ignored on the ground (in particular in settlements already established in the prohibited area) but its very existence created a large amount of resentment among the British colonists. After the American Revolutionary War, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 became a dead letter in the United States, but continued in force in Rupert's Land, which later became part of Canada. The proclamation forms the basis of land claims of aboriginal peoples in Canada: First Nations, Inuit, and Metis The Royal Proclamation of 1763 is mentioned in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. It appeared that the Proclamation of 1763 had nothing but the most noble intentions. In fact there were some flaws in it at the time, and other ones that have developed recently. For example, it declared that the Crown was best suited to alienate Indian lands. This meant that all leases and sales of Indian lands would be forever conducted through the Crown as an intermediary. Responsibility and control thus lay with the governing officials and the Indians, conveying a hierarchical relationship rather than an equal partnership. This inequality was also evident in the Proclamations implicit preference for written treaties. Unlike the Europeans, who had recognized written agreements for several centuries, North Am...

The Method of Narration Used in The Catcher in The Rye

The Method of Narration Used in The Catcher in The Rye Free Online Research Papers The Method of Narration Used in The Catcher in The Rye The catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is a novel which is written in the first person. The first person narrative plays a very significant part in the readers’ appreciation of the text. As the novel begins, the main character Holden Caulfield prepares to tell his story to a psychoanalyst at a psychiatric home. As a result of the narrative the reader is also an analyst to Holden and he addresses each reader who reads the novel in a very intimate manner. The narrative always the reader to understand and see more clearly why Holden has a nervous breakdown this emphasises how important it is to the readers’ appreciation of the text. The first person narrative allows the reader to get a very personal view of Holdens thoughts and feelings, making them feel very close to him. Holden also describes what he himself sees and experiences, providing his own commentary on the people and events he describes. Throughout the novel Holden never comments on his emotional state directly but he does however tell the reader at one point that he is undergoing emotional strain. Holden also tells us â€Å"I’m feeling lousy† which conveys to the reader that he is mentally and physically breaking. He simply describes his increasingly desperate state without much explanation. Salinger however cleverly manipulates Holdens narrative to signal to the reader that there is more to the story that Holden himself admits or describes. Holden makes it very clear from the very beginning of the novel that he does not get on very well at school. An incident which shows this is when Holden does not attend the school football match with the rest of the school. â€Å"This game†¦was supposed to be a very big deal around Pencey. It was the last game of the year, and you were supposed to commit suicide or something if Pencey didn’t win†. This shows the reader that this game was very important to the people in this school but not to Holden. Holden choosing not to go with the rest of his school including his peers conveys to the reader that Holden is not like the other children at his school and maybe not like other teenagers, he may be a loner. The sarcasm about committing suicide in Holdens comment emphasises the matches’ significance to the school and the pupils and its insignificance to Holden. The narrative technique allows the reader to appreciate that Holden is maybe different from other teena gers. Holden also tells us â€Å"they kicked me out. I wasn’t supposed to come back after Christmas vacation, on account of I was flunking four subjects and not applying myself and all.† This makes the reader sympathise with Holden especially when he tells us he also â€Å"had some difficulty at the Whooton School and at Elkton Hills† as this shows that this is not the first time that Holden has been kicked out of school. Failing school can make anyone miserable but being thrown out because of it can make them very depressed. As this is the third time it has happened to Holden it emphasises how unbelievably depressed he must feel and also how he may think that he is a failure. Salinger’s narrative technique makes it very obvious to the reader that Holden is depressed and thinks he is a failure who has let his family down. The narrative also allows the reader to understand why Holden has a nervous breakdown and how awful he feels, also making them apprecia te why he act the ways he does. Holden feels guilty about many of the things he does, He for instance feels he has let his parents and sister down as he has been thrown out of school yet again. â€Å"I didn’t want to go home or anything until they had got it and thoroughly digested it and all† this shows that Holden realises how angry and upset his family are going to be when they find out about his situation. Holden feels most guilty about letting his mum down as she is still fragile from his brother Allies death. â€Å"That depressed me. I could see my mother going into Spaulding’s and asking the salesman a million dopey questions – and here I was getting the ax again. Holden feels very guilty as his mum has gone through a lot of effort to get him a really nice present and he knows that he is going to break her heart again once she finds out he has been thrown out of school again. Holden also tells us about how he didn’t take his now dead brother out with him once in the past, which he feels awful about â€Å"It wasn’t that I didn’t used to take him with me when I went somewhere. I did. But that one day, I didn’t I keep thinking about it and all, when I get very depressed.† Holden loved his brother very much but just cannot forgive himself for this one mistake. Holden also tells the reader that now when he thinks about this day he amends it to him telling Allie he can come. This however makes Holden feel even more depressed as he knows this is not what actually happened. The first person narrative as well as word choice help the reader to see and appreciate why Holden feels guilty. This guilt is one of the main causes of Holden Caulfields nervous breakdown. Holdens adolescence is revealed through the use of first person narrative and also the language he uses to describe his thoughts, feelings and experiences. Holden uses teenage language throughout the novel and when the book first came out the language in it caused quite a stir words like â€Å"phoniest bastard† and â€Å"sonovabitch† help paint a picture of a teenager in trouble. The swearing is used to convey a deep-seated insecurity in Holden. Therefore all of the language in the novel enhances thematic concerns and characterisation. The result is the reader fully understands Holden and the trauma he experiences. To conclude Salinger’s use of first person narrative along with a variety of other features is very important to the readers appreciation of the text. This is due to many reasons but mainly because it allows the reader to fully understand what the main character Holden is feeling and experiencing. 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Stakeholders Theory Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stakeholders Theory - Case Study Example Basis of determining business relationships: As per the shareholder's theory, corporate relationships are determined by legal or implied contracts. Thus, it recognizes accountability towards those parties with whom an explicit legal agreement has been entered into. This vastly limits the scope of accountibility.On the other hand the stakeholders' school of thought Escalation in value of shareholding: the shareholders theory endorses the objective of generating higher returns to the investment of the shareholders. Whereas the stakeholders' take is that, the corporation should strive to yield higher social returns to all the parties involved with it. Objective of wealth creation: escalation in the value of shareholding will result in greater wealth creation; therefore, it is consistent with the traditional corporate objective of profit maximization. The proponents of the shareholders theory maintain this. However, the other view is that, when the interest of the stakeholders is taken into consideration then there shall be fairer distribution in addition to wealth creation, which will promote the general welfare of society. The Tinged Shareholders theory contains a reconciliation of the main ideas of the two schools of thought. It makes allowance for moral and social obligations and at the same time retains the director's fiduciary duties and holds them responsible to the shareholders. The conflicting grounds of the normative and instrumental approaches are blurred in this theory. The traditional profit-maximizing objective of the shareholders theory is maintained, while incorporating the corporate social responsibilities as well, therefore it is consistent with moral duty. c) I find the stakeholders theory rather convincing. The recognition of commercial pursuits and social obligations appeal to me. The stakeholder's theory can justifiably claim to be superior because it upholds the interests of the owners without neglecting social welfare. If a company is profitable but its employees are a harassed lot, or its suppliers are bleeding dry because of the constant pressure of cutting costs, it defeats the purpose of corporate social responsibility. Singular motive of wealth creation can be ruthless if fair distribution and social welfare are neglected. A company owes responsibility towards it's employee's for improving their quality of life as much as it owes to it's customers for rendering quality at reasonable prices. .Wal-Mart is a case in point. This example demonstrates that commercial quests should not be divorced from social responsibilities.Wal Mart is the largest retailer in the world with a 20% market share in America and a formidable presence in retail in most parts of the world. It has gone overboard in its attempts to cut costs and increase profit margins. Recently exposed practices include locking overnight workers in its stores, allowing Wal-Mart maintaince contractors to use illegal immigrants as janitors. It is also known

Inseparability of Markets and Regulations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Inseparability of Markets and Regulations - Essay Example As such, it protects healthcare consumers by ensuring that the services provided to them are satisfactory and efficiently meet their tastes and preferences. Through licensing, the board controls competition and deviant practices within the medical field. It also safeguards consumers’ interests by guaranteeing that medical costs are within the conventional standards and affordable level (Lee, 2009). GCMB has a board of directors that comprises of 15 voting members and an ex-officio chosen by the governor. Its current chair is Richard Weil. Among the 15 voting members, 11 are physicians with Doctor of Medicine grades, 2 are dynamically practicing physicians with Doctor of Physiotherapy degrees, and 2 members are consumer members, who main role is to represent the interests of healthcare consumers (GCMD, 2014). GCMB represents the cultural diversity prevalent in Georgia. The board members are drawn from different regions within the state and represent the various social, economic, and political interests of a diverse population. The board is a fair representation of the community it is serving since it has incorporated the interests of different groups into its mission, goal, and objectives. However, the board still faces a challenge in regulating medical practitioners due to increased misconducts in the medical sector and the diversity of the field of medicine. New trends in medicine have too posted a challenge for GCMB (Lee, 2009). For instance, lethal injection practices and physicians participation in executions have proven to be hard to control. The incentives offered to the board are not enough to finance its activities and the cost of providing the licensing services has upsurge posing a challenge to the relevance of

Multifibre Agreement Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Multifibre Agreement - Case Study Example 1966: June The United Kingdom implements a global quota scheme in violation of the LTA. (The LTA provides only for product-specific restraints.) 1967: April Agreement is reached to extend the LTA for three years. 1969-71 The United States negotiates VERs with Asian suppliers on wool and man-made fibres. 1970: October Agreement is reached to extend the LTA for three years. (It was later extended an additional three months to fill the gap until the MFA came into effect.) 1973: December It is agreed that the MFA will begin on January 1, 1974, and last for four years. 1977: July-December The European Economic Community and the United States negotiate bilateral agreements with developing countries prior to agreeing to extension of the MFA. 1977: December The MFA is extended for four years. 1981: December The MFA is renewed for five years. The United States, under pressure from increased imports resulting from dollar appreciation, negotiates tough quotas. 1986: July The MFA is extended for five years, to conclude with Uruguay Round. 1991: July The MFA is extended pending the outcome of the Uruguay Round negotiations. 1993: December The Uruguay Round (UR) draft final act provides for a 10-year phase-out of all MFA and other quotas on textiles in ATC. MFA extended until UR comes into force. 1995: January 1 1st ATC tranche liberalised by importing countries - 16% of 1990 import volume. 1998: January 1 2nd ATC tranche liberalized by importing countries - 17% of 1990 import volume. 2002: January 1 3rd ATC tranche liberalised by importing countries - 18% of 1990 import volume. 2005: January 1 4th ATC tranche liberalised by importing countries - 49% of... The nineteenth century saw the beginning of the formation of unions, for the purpose of protecting the rights of the citizens. From then on, as each country gained freedom from colonial rule, it started to go in for organized employment and trade activities. There are unions and associations for employment, for domestic trade activities and international trade activities. To protect the rights of its people, some countries have agreed and signed pacts on the quantity of each commodity that can be imported or exported into a country. Before we embark on a detailed analysis of the Multifibre agreement and its impact on international trade, let us have a look into the actions and agreements that were made before the Multifibre agreement came into force. Source: Based on D. Spinanger, "Faking Liberalization and Finagling Protectionism: The ATC at Its Best", Background Paper for the WTO 2000 Negotiations: Mediterranean Interests and Perspectives, Cairo. The textile and clothing industry is one which has constantly increasing trade flows all over the world. Globalization and liberalization had exposed the European Union industry to increased competition from a large number of low-labor cost countries (especially from Asia).This sector constitutes one of the most important sources of income and employment for various countries in Asia, esp.

Finance Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Finance Paper - Essay Example The Mission statement of the firm â€Å"is to build the premier specialty retailer of jewelry by  offering consumers high quality products at compelling values through an empowering shopping experience.† Values The Company emphasizes in great customer satisfaction and delivering that satisfaction through high-quality products. The key element for the company is to make the customer feel special and give them a shopping experience that will leave them in awe. From a business perspective, the company has developed â€Å"Code of Ethics† which list out some key values that the company strongly believes in. For instance, each individual should be treated with fairness, compassion and respect. The company also believes in strong foundation of complete, efficient, and accurate recording methods to the government. Strategy The marketing strategy for the company is effective and is consisted of penetrating the online market and attracting its customer. The company is expected to earn around 75 cents(earnings per share), which is 34% from the previous annual year. The organization’s strategy is to penetrate the market segment by selling their products at a lower price than the traditional jewelry stores. The company possesses two key competitive advantages. One competitive advantage is to cut the cost of buying diamonds only if there is a guarantee that the customer will purchase them. In essence, the customer cannot breach the contract, which enables it to be cost-effective and makes them unique compared to traditional jewelry stores. Blue Nile Company utilizes pull marketing strategy as it uses clever pricing strategy to accomplish its goals. The company believes in being just 10% better, a no nominal feat in these harsh economic times. Moreover, the company emphasizes in brand recognition and enhancing consumer traffic through their online website. The focal point remains through the search engines such as Google, YAHOO and Bing.com. The company offers incentives through internet by persuading customers to subscribe to their newsletter, which gives them special insights about promotions, sales, and coupons. The company invests little in brick-and-mortar advertisements and billboards. Without a doubt, the management team is vital towards the success of the organization. Diane Irvine, the CEO and the President has created a culture that thrives on â€Å"thinking outside the box.† It is astonishing to see how a company is flourishing in this business without owning diamond mines, a feat that may seem impossible. Ms. Irvine along with Susan Bell and Marianne Marck acknowledged that certain months are extremely busy for the stores. Thus, the decided to have a strategy in which they launched new, creative desings for the jwererly around that time period. In essence, the management team was ready to face the challenges of the customers head-on. Moreover, Irvine and her team excelled in customer service by returning custome rs demands and shipping their packages in timely manner. Furthermore, the management administration staff placed high priority in consultation and pursued the engagement rign business to the fullest, which made them highly profitable. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BALANCE SHEET Period Ending Jan 2, 2011 Jan 3, 2010 Jan 4, 2009 Assets Current Assets Cash And Cash Equivalents 113,261  Ã‚   78,149  Ã‚   54,451  Ã‚   Short Term Investments -    15,000  Ã‚   -    Net Receivables 2,328

Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Research Proposal Example Exemplary programs that effectively accomplish this goal can be seen as a model for others educational agencies in the area to follow. Due to the explosive growth of the at-risk population over the past few decades, it is now time to reflect on the successes and failures of various initiatives and policies designed to reverse the trend and help young people in this population graduate. Providing a wide range of educational options to at-risk youth is a relatively new concept in American education, but one that is gaining momentum nationwide. Educators and other interested stakeholders are now working hard to determine the types of programs that, if properly implemented, can help at-risk youth to be successful. The knowledge gained from this research study will be useful in providing much needed information to the public and private educational sectors. This study will, therefore, provide information that individuals associated with educating at-risk youth can use to implement more ef fective programs that reach this population in a positive way. Statement of the Problem The problem is that high school students around the country are dropping out of school at alarming rates (Bracy, 2006). ... 270). Many strategies being implemented today focus on the needs of students at-risk of dropping out of school prior to graduation. Community members and concerned stakeholders, namely the public at large, sincerely hope that these new initiatives will provide a much needed spark to the role that education plays in society and, in particular, to the at-risk student population. Significance of the Problem This proposed study is important because it will examine avenues that local and state governments can explore to encourage young people to graduate high school. Because many areas of the country have historically encountered great difficulty in this area, various programs have been introduced and developed over time to help address the problem. Current data indicates, however, that these programs are not having much, if any, impact on graduation rates in many areas (Quach, 2005, p. 71). This study will then focus on discovering those initiatives that proving effective and can serve a s models for future at-risk education in other localities across the country. American society has long feared the implications of an uneducated populace. The purpose of the educational system in this country has been predicated on the premise that teachers prepare young people to become positive contributors to society (Sadker & Sadker, 2010). The significance of this reality is that educated people tend to offer their community more valuable services and skills and are less likely to exhibit negative behaviors. Currently, however, America is suffering from high drop out rates and some states are beginning to see a significant decrease in the number of at-risk youth going on to